飞机燃油系统闪电试验可燃气体配比研究

飞机燃油系统闪电试验中,可燃气体混合配比体积分数的轻微变化对气体的点燃能量和点燃概率有重要的影响。采用混合配比体积分数不恰当的可燃气体可能会导致闪电试验欠考核或过严考核,进而影响对闪电防护设计有效性的准确评估。采用高精度的动态气体配比调控系统搭建了可燃气体点燃试验验证台架,通过试验对不同可燃气体配比体积分数下的最小点燃能量及相关点燃影响因素进行了研究和分析。研究表明:采用 5.0%氢气配比体积分数的可燃气体可检出 200 μJ及以上能量的全部点火源,同时可避免闪电试验被过度考核,推荐进行优先选配;随着氢气配比体积分数的增大,可燃气体点燃所需的点燃能量逐渐降低;氢气配比体积分数越高,燃油系统闪电试验被过度考核的程度就越大;鉴于可燃气体燃爆冲击的安全影响,不推荐燃油系统闪电试验采用 6.5%及以上氢气配比体积分数的可燃气体。试验数据及研究结论可为飞机燃油系统闪电防护设计及闪电试验提供参考和指导。     

Load distribution strategy for multi-lift system with helicopters based on power consumption and robust adaptive game control

It is of great significance to reasonably distribute the slung load to each helicopter while considering difference in power consumption, relative position and interaction comprehensively. Therefore, the load distribution strategy based on power consumption and robust adaptive game control is proposed in this paper. The study is on a “2-lead” multi-lift system of four tandem helicopters carrying a load cooperatively. First, based on the hierarchical control, the load distribution problem is divided into two parts: the calculation of expected cable force and the calculation of the anti-disturbance cable force. Then, aimed at minimizing the maximum equivalent power of helicopter, an optimization problem is set up to calculate the expected cable force. Specially, the agent power model is trained by BP neural network, the safe distance constraint between helicopters is set to 2.5 rotor diameters to reduce aerodynamic interference, and the helicopters with different performance can be considered by introducing the equivalent power factor into the objective function. Next, considering the difference and interaction between helicopters, the robust adaptive differential game control is proposed to calculate the anti-disturbance cable force. Particularly, to solve the coupled Hamiltonian equations, an adaptive solving method for value function is proposed, and its stability is proved in the sense of Lyapunov. The simulation results indicate that the proposed load distribution method based on power consumption is applicable to the entire flight trajectory even there are differences between helicopters. The game control can consider interaction between helicopters, can deal with different objective functions, and has strong robustness and small steady-state error. Based on the entire strategy, the cable force can be reasonably allocated so as to resist disturbance and improve the flight performance of the whole system.     

重型燃气轮机高雷诺数CDA叶型转捩特性数值计算

为研究重型燃气轮机的压气机叶片在高雷诺数工况下的气动性能,基于Gamma-Theta转捩模型的雷诺时均方程对某可 控扩散叶型进行了数值计算。通过对比不控制马赫数与控制马赫数,分析高雷诺数对可控扩散叶型气动性能及转捩特性的影响。 结果表明：在不控制马赫数条件下,在零攻角时,雷诺数从7×10 5 增大为9×10 5 ,总压损失增加了约391.95%;在高雷诺数工况下随 着雷诺数的增大,叶片流动损失不断增大,叶片可用攻角范围减小,同时在叶片吸力面出现激波,干扰转捩的产生。在控制马赫数 条件下,当Ma=0.6时,在零攻角工况下,雷诺数从8.2×10 5 增大为1×10 7 ,总压损失减小了约38.98%,吸力面转捩起始点从4.78%弦 长处前移至1.11%弦长处;在高雷诺数工况下,叶片流动损失随着雷诺数的增大不断减小,吸力面转捩位置前移。     

Neural network-based fault diagnosis for spacecraft with single-gimbal control moment gyros

This paper proposes a neural network-based fault diagnosis scheme to address the problem of fault isolation and estimation for the Single-Gimbal Control Moment Gyroscopes(SGCMGs) of spacecraft in a periodic orbit. To this end, a disturbance observer based on neural network is developed for active anti-disturbance, so as to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis.The periodic disturbance on orbit can be decoupled with fault by resorting to the fitting and memory ability of neural network. Subsequ...     

涡扇发动机全包线加速控制计划改进方法研究

加速控制计划直接影响了发动机的响应速度以及运行安全。为了提高发动机响应能力,提出了一种基于等温度线的发动机全包线加速控制计划。分别针对稳态和动态过程开展相似换算误差分析,证明并验证了关键参数在等风扇进口温度时,具有较高相似换算精度的规律。基于此换算误差理论,提出全包线加速控制计划改进方法,该方法在不同等风扇进口温度下设计多条加速控制计划,再通过线性插值得到包线内不同等温线下的加速控制计划。结果表明,改进后的加速控制计划相比于传统单点优化得到的加速控制计划,发动机加速至最大转速的98%所需的时间减少了7.2%,最大转速提升了1%,且风扇、压气机喘振裕度和涡轮前温度等均未超出限制值。因此,该方法相比于传统单点优化方法既提升了在包线内获取的加速控制计划的精度,又确保了发动机在包线内安全稳定工作的前提下更好的发挥加速性能。     

Convex optimization of asteroid landing trajectories driven by solar radiation pressure

High-area/mass ratio landers driven by Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP) have potential applications for future asteroid landing missions. This paper develops a new convex optimization-based method for planning trajectories driven by SRP. A Minimum Landing Error (MLE) control problem is formulated to enable planning SRP-controlled trajectories with different flight times. It is transformed into Second Order Cone Programming (SOCP) successfully by a series of different convexification technologies. A trust region constraint and a modified MLE objective function are used to guarantee the convergence performance of the optimization algorithm. Thereafter, the SRP-driven trajectory optimal control problem is converted equivalently into a sequence of convex optimal control problems that can be solved effectively. A set of numerical simulation results has verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed optimization method.     

Conceptual design and flight test of two wingtip-docked multi-body aircraft

To overcome the drawbacks such as large wing deformations, poor performance encountering gusts, limits in taking off and landing, inconvenience of transportation of High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), a new conceptual aircraft called wingtip-docked Multi-Body Aircraft (MBA) has attracted lots of attentions. Aiming to investigate the feasibility of this concept, two UAV models were designed, manufactured and connected by a wingtip-docking mechanism, which only allows the relative roll motion between the two aircraft. The trim solution of the two connected aircraft is firstly obtained by solving the developed nonlinear flight dynamic equations, followed by the stability analysis based on the linearized model. The results show that the connected aircraft is inherently unstable and cannot fly without a reasonable flight control system. A set of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control laws was then developed and implemented in the two experimental aircraft. The success of the flight tests show that the flight control can effectively eliminate the unstable motion and the wingtip-docked MBA is controllable and feasible.     

多故障转子-滚动轴承系统的动力学特性

为深入研究多故障转子-滚动轴承系统的机理,充分考虑了旋转部件的扭矩、剪切力、转动惯量及陀螺力矩等效应,采用Timoshenko梁单元和转盘单元建立了转子的有限元模型,集成了滚动轴承动力学模型,及不平衡、不对中、碰摩、裂纹及松动等故障模型,得到了多故障转子-滚动轴承系统的动力学方程。采用变步长龙格库塔法,获得了转子-滚动轴承系统的位移响应,研究了系统位移响应随转速变化的分岔图、庞加莱截面,以及故障特征处的时域波形图、轴心轨迹图、相平面图和频谱图,探究了多故障转子-滚动轴承系统的故障特征及其动力学特性和规律。仿真分析结果表明：多故障转子-滚动轴承系统在运行过程中存在周期运动,拟周期运动和复杂的类混沌运动等丰富的非线性行为,且在各非线性行为转速区间内,会呈现不平衡、不对中、碰摩、裂纹和松动等单一故障或耦合故障的特征和现象。     

航空发动机低压转子系统的“可容模态”设计及实验验证

建立了带弹性支承和阻尼器的航空发动机低压柔性转子动力学模型,进行了模态计算以及临界转速处的响应计算。在考虑临界转速约束与“临界跟随”现象约束的条件下,综合模态不平衡影响因子、弹支应变能占比以及套齿连接结构稳定性构造了可容度评价函数,建立了低压转子系统的“可容模态”优化设计方法。设计并搭建了低压转子实验系统,从模态测试实验、阻尼器减振实验以及长时间“共振”实验,验证了设计方法的可靠性。研究结果为计算的临界转速与实际测量的临界转速最大误差为3.86%,阻尼器在1阶与2阶临界转速处的减振比最大可达45.6%,实验转子系统在1阶与2阶临界转速处各完成了长达412.5 s和429.8 s的“共振”实验,共振过程中转子系统各通道振动单峰值稳定在100μm以内,且无次谐波产生。表明了所建立的航空发动机低压转子系统“可容模态”优化设计方法是可行的。     

Gaussian mixture model based adaptive control for uncertain nonlinear systems with complex state constraints

This paper addresses an uncertain nonlinear control system problem with complex state constraints and mismatched uncertainties. A novel Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM) based adaptive PID-Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control(NTSMC)(GMM-adaptive-PID-NTSMC)method is proposed. It is achieved by combining a GMM based adaptive potential function with a novel switching surface of PID-NTSMC. Next, the stability of the closed-loop system is proved.The main contribution of this paper is that the GMM meth...